Heater.



G. J. OOMNINOS.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29 1914.

1, 1 28,588, Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTOR fi zagig @%ITIESSES THE NORRIS PETERS 30., PHOTCLITHQ. WASHINGTON. D.

G. J. COMNINOS.

HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1914.

1,128,588. Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

WITNESSES INVENTOR HE NORRIS PETERS ca, PHCTO-LITHC WASHINGTON. D c.

G. J. COMNINOS.

HEATER.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 29,1914.

Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

3 SHBETSSHBET 3.

INVENTOR THE NORRIS PETERS C0,. PHOTC-LITHO. WASHINGTON. a c.

GEORGE J'. COMNINOS, OF PITTSBURGH. PENNSYLVANIA.

HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

Application filed June 29, 1914. Serial No. 847,812.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE J. COMNINOS, a subject of the King of Greece, and residing in the city of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in new and useful improvements in gas furnaces.

The objects in view are the provision of a heating device which may be safely used in a room, such as a garage, or building wherein explosive gases or substances are present, and which while of inexpensive construction, is also substantial and durable and utilizes the greatest possible percentage of heat value for heating the air.

The objects are accomplished by construct ing my heater so that, whether the same be used alone as where the room containing the same is to be heated, or is incased in an outer casing as where other rooms are to be heated, no air or fumes from the room in which the heater is located can either enter the combustion chamber or gain access to the ignited fuel or the products of combustion. Air from without said room is supplied by inclosed ducts to the combustion chamber while the air supplied to the air compartments of the heater is conducted thereto by inclosed ducts which pass through the compartments through which the products of combustion travel.

The construction and arrangement of the heater are novel as is also the method of supplying air thereto.

Other novel features of structure and arrangement of parts will appear from the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, which are merely intended to be illustrative of the principles of my invention and not to limit the scope of the same to the construction shown, Figure 1 is a vertical central section through the heater; Fig. 2 is an elevation of the fumes drum taken at right angles to Fig. 1 and the outer wall being partially broken away to show the baffles; Fig. 3 is a cross section taken along the line IIIIII in Fig. 1 looking upwardly, the door being broken away in section for the sake of clearness; Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the heater broken away at the top and the door being shown open to expose the gas valves; Fig. 5

is a side elevation showing the heater within a furnace casing, said casing being partially broken away to show the heater, and Fig. 6 is a detail section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5 showing the method of supplying air to both the interior of the casing and to the combustion chamber.

The following is a detailed description of the drawings, reference being first had to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and l.

A is an annular combustion chamber formed by the outer wall 1 and the wall 2 which forms the circumferential wall of a central air chamber B. Both of said walls rest upon a base ring C which closes the bottom of the chamber A.

3 represents a plurality of inclosed air ducts leading from without the wall 1 through the chamber A into the chamber B. The upper portion of the wall 1 is preferably provided with a plurality of glass or mica closed peep holes 4.

Upon the top of wall 2 is mounted the annular burner member D which I prefer to divide horizontally into two parts so that either one or both burners may be used as requirements may dictate. Said burners are of substantially L shape cross-section, thus forming an annular horizontal chamber a" and an annular vertical chamber Z) communicating with chamber a. The outer wall of chamber 6 is provided with a plurality of perforations 5 through which the gas escapes in ets to burn in the combustion chamber A. Gas is supplied to the burners by means of pipes 6 which enter the bottom of the chambers a leading through the chambers B and A and provided with valves 7 and mixers 8 in the chamber A. The heads of valves 7 extend through snugly fitting holes in the door E in the wall 1 and a key 9 may be inserted in said valves to regulate the same without opening the door E. The pipes 6 are connected with the service pipe 10 preferably provided with a valve 11.

12 is a pilot light pipe extending from the pipe 10 through the wall 1 and provided adjacent to the perforations 5 of the burner D with a perforated pilot burner 13 by means of which said burner D may be lighted. Said pipe 12 is preferably provided with a valve 14: without the wall 1.

Air is supplied to the combustion chamber A at either side by means of a pair of inclosed ducts or pipes 15, preferably pro vided with regulating dampers 16. The pipes15 are connected to an air supply pipe 17 leading from without the room.

F is a flaring ringv provided with a depending neck 18 which fits down within the burner D to hold the ring in place. Said ring extendsoutwardly toward the wall 1 formingtherewith a throat 19.

G is a vertical annular fumes drum resting upon the top of wall 1 and ring F and held in place by means of the'strap ring 20. The bottom of said drum G is provided with a series of perforations 21 to admit the products of combustion from the chamber A. The top of said drum is closed. From the top of said drum a fumes pipe 22 leads to the vertical pipe 23, the lower end of said pipe 23 being extended to be connected to the fresh air pipe 17 to provide a check draft for the fumes pipe 22." A damper 24 is provided to regulate the check draft and a damper 25 is provided to regulate the capacity of the fumes escape. The interior of the drum G is provided with in- ;clined staggered baffles 26 to baffle and retard the passage of the fumes to the pipe 22. The center of drum G forms the air mixing chamber H whose open bottom registers with the interior of the ring F and whose top is open to atmosphere. 27 are a pair of horizontal ports extending through the drum G and connecting the chamber H with atmosphere.

A fresh air supply duct 28 leads from one of the ducts 15 through the door'box 29 of the door E at a point adjacent to the mixers 8 to insure a sufficient supply of air to the latter. v

The operation of the heater is as follows: The valves 7 are opened as Well as the valve 14: of the pilot light. The door E is opened and thepilot light ignited. The door E is then closed tightly. The pilot light ignites the burner D, the products of combustion rising in chamber A and ascending through the perforations 21 into the baffled interior of the annular drum G where the fumes are baflied and led back and forward before escaping through the pipe 22, so that the walls of thedrum receive the fullheati'ng effect of said fumes. The flaring ring F also becomes highly heated from the products of combustion. The combustion of fuel in chamber A is sustained and facilitated by the air admitted through the ducts 15 while the duct 28 supplies the necessary air to the mixers 8. The passage of the fumes through the drum may be regulated by the dampers 24c and 25. Air enters the chamber B through the ducts 8 and becoming heated rises up through the center of the burner D and the ring F into the mixing chamber H where it mixes with and heats the air entering through the lateral ports 27 the heated j, air then escaping out ofthe open topfiof the chamber H. After the pilot light is once lighted it is' not necessary to again open tlfidoor E, as the valves 7 may be used to light the burner D or shut the same off, the pilot light being permitted to burn continuously. It is evident that when the door 'E is closedno possible means of access exists for gases in the'room to enter the combustion chamber, fumes drum or fumes pipe of the heater, so that the latter may be used in a garage or similar compartment without ducts 15 which supply the combustion chamber A with fresh airmay beextended through the air ports in said easing into the air ducts 31 as shown in Fig. 6. The air entering the air ducts 81 feeds the-air ducts 15, 28 and 3 of the heater so that it operates as above described while additional .air rises about the heater within the casing, part of which enters the chamber H through the ports 27 and all meetingand intermingling in the crown-of the furnace.

As is the case in' the use of my heater alone, when the same is used as a furnace with an outer casing, no gases or air from the room in which the furnace is installed. can enter the compartments of the heater in which the products of combustion are gen erated or through which they pass. Thus explosions are positively prevented.

The form of burner'shown is important as the gas entering the chamber a from the pipe 6 swirls around in said chamber before entering the chamber 6, thus feeding said chamber 6 and its perforation equally and uniformly for its entirecircumference. The entering gas is also heated in, chamber a, the walls of which chamber become heated by the air rising from chamber. B, thus increasing the pressure of the gas in the burner. j i f It will be seen that the flaring ring F and chamber H, of greater diameter than H the throat formed in the axis of burner D, permits the heated air to expand and this facilitates the rise of air from the chamber B.

The construction of my heater is economical and the full heating effect upon'the is realized base; a pair of concentric annular Walls rising from said base whereby an outer annular combustion chamber and a central air chamber sealed from one another are formed, said outer annular wall being of greater height than the inner annular Wall; an annular burner mounted on top of the inner annular Wall, the outer Wall of said burner being perforated for the escape of gas in jets into the combustion chamber and the axial bore of said burner forming the throat of said air chamber; inclosed air ducts leading through said combustion chamber from Without said heater into said central air chamber, said ducts being below the level of said burner; an annular fumes chamber mounted upon said outer annular wall and said burner and having its bottom open to receive the prodnets of combustion from the combustion chamber, the bore of said fumes chamber communicating With the throat of said air chamber, and means for the escape of the products of combustion from said fumes chamber.

2. A gas heater comprising an annular base; a pair of concentric annular Walls rising from said base whereby an outer annular combustion chamber and a central air chamber sealed from one another are formed, the outer annular wall being of greater height than the inner annular Wall;

an annular burner mounted on top of the inner annular wall, the outer wall of said burner being perforated for the escape of gas in jets into the combustion chamber and the axial bore of said burner forming the throat of said air chamber; inclosed air ducts leading through said combustion chamber from without said heater into said central air chamber, said ducts being below the level of said burner; a gas supply pipe leading through said combustion chamber to said burner; an air mixing device for said pipe located in said combustion chamber; means for supplying air to said combustion chamber; an annular fumes chamber mounted on said outer annular Wall and on said burner and having its bottom open to receive the products of combustion from the combustion chamber, the bore of said fumes chamber communicating With the an annular burner mounted on top of theinner annular Wall, the outer wall of said burner being perforated for the escape of gas in jets into said combustion chamber and the axial bore of said burner forming the throat of said air chamber; inclosed air ducts leading through said combustion chamber into said central air chamber, said ducts being below the level of said burner; an annular fumes chamber mounted upon said outer annular Wall and said burner and having its bottom open to receive the products of combustion from the combustion chamber, the bore of said fumes chamber communicating With the throat of said air chamber; an outer casing for said heater; a cold air pipe leading into said outer casing; a second cold air pipe communicating With said combustion chamber and extending into said first named cold air pipe, and means for the escape of the products of combustion from said fumes chamber to without said casing.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pa., this 26th day of June, 1914.

GEORGE J. COMNINOS. Witnesses:

EDWARD A. LAURENCE, A. W. FoRsY'rH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C. 

